What to do if a loan was taken out in your name without your knowledge

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      First — do not panic. Emotional decisions in such situations rarely lead to a positive outcome. Modern judicial practices increasingly protect victims of financial fraud, but to benefit from this you must strictly follow the established course of action. The main thing is to start by checking the facts and documenting your claims.

      To get rid of a fraudulent loan, you must first confirm its existence. For this you will need to request a full credit history — an official document containing data on all concluded loan agreements, payments and delinquencies. The information is stored in credit history bureaus (BKI); as of 2024 there are six in Russia. No credit organization is obliged to tell a client in which BKI their data are stored, so you need to check them all.

      Step-by-step algorithm for checking your credit history

       Log in to the Gosuslugi portal and find the service "Find out your BKI" — it will provide a list of all bureaus that have a record on the user.

       Follow the links to the official websites of each listed BKI.

       Request a report — twice a year this can be done for free; additional requests are paid if necessary.

       Carefully analyze each report: amounts, dates, creditors, contract statuses.

      The discovery of an unfamiliar loan is a signal for immediate action. Next, you should record the fact of fraud with law enforcement agencies.

      Filing a police report is a mandatory step

      Even if it seems hopeless, an official complaint to the MVD is the foundation of future protection. The processing time is three working days. You can submit a statement: - in person at any police station; - by calling 112 — the response team will accept the report or invite you for a personal appointment; - online through the MVD website in the "Reception of Appeals" section. In the text be sure to indicate: the place and time the loan was issued, when and how you learned about it, and also petition for a criminal case under Article 159 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The document should include the date, signature and a detailed description of events.

      Contacting the credit institution — a key stage

      Having received the police notification slip, you should go to the bank or microfinance organization (MFO) where the disputed loan was issued. It is important to conduct correspondence exclusively in writing — oral complaints have no legal force. The claim should be drafted properly and contain:

       party details;

       a description of the situation;

       a reference to the police notification;

       a demand to annul the contract and remove the debt from the credit history.

      The creditor must respond within 15 business days. Two outcomes are possible: either they acknowledge the fraud and annul the obligations, or they refuse — in which case only the judicial route remains.

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